NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomial (Hindi Medium)


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These Solutions are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths in Hindi Medium. Here we have given NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomials.

Chapter 2. बहुपद

Table of Contents

प्रश्नावली 2.1

Q1. किसी बहुपद p(x) के लिए, p(x) का ग्राफ नीचे आकृति 2.10 में दिया गया है | प्रत्येक स्थिति में, p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या ज्ञात कीजिए |
NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.1 1

Solution (i):

p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या = 0;  (क्योंकि ग्राफ रेखा x अक्ष को नहीं काटती है )
NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths PDF Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.1 2

Solution (ii):

p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या = 1; (क्योंकि ग्राफ x अक्ष को 1 बार काटती है )
NCERT Maths Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.1 3

Solution (iii):

p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या = 3;
Maths NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.1 4

Solution (iv):

p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या = 2;
NCERT Solutions Of Maths For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.1 5

Solution (v):

p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या = 4;
Maths Solutions For Class 10 NCERT Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.1 6

Solution (vi):

p(x) के शुन्यकों की संख्या = 3;


प्रश्नावली 2.2

Q1. निम्न द्विघात बहुपदों के शुन्यक ज्ञात कीजिए और शुन्यकों तथा गुणांकों के बीच संबंध की सत्यता की जाँच कीजिए |

(i) x2 – 2– 8Solutions For Maths NCERT Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 7


a = 1, b = – 2, और c = – 8
NCERT Books Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 8NCERT Maths Book Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 9CBSE NCERT Maths Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 10CBSE NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 11NCERT Maths Textbook For Class 10 Solutions Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 12NCERT Books For Class 10 Maths Solutions Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 13NCERT Maths Textbook Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 14NCERT Book Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium PolynomialsNCERT Textbook Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 16Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 17NCERT Books Solutions For Class 10 Maths PDF Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 18

Q2. एक द्विघात बहुपद ज्ञात कीजिए, जिसके शुन्यकों के योग तथा गुणनफल क्रमश: दी गई संख्याएँ हैं : Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 19Download NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 20Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 21NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 22NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths PDF Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 23NCERT Maths Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 24Maths NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.2 25


प्रश्नावली 2.3 

Q1. विभाजन एल्गोरिथम का प्रयोग करके, निम्न में p(x) को g(x) से भाग देने पर भागफल तथा शेषफल ज्ञात कीजिए :

(i) p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 5x – 3, g(x) = x2 – 2

(ii) p(x) = x4 – 3x2 + 4x + 5, g(x) = x2 + 1 – x

(iii) p(x) = x4 – 5x + 6, g(x) = 2 – x2

हल : (i) p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + 5x – 3, g(x) = x2 – 2NCERT Solutions For Maths Class 10 Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 26

भागफल q(x) = x – 3 और शेषफल = 7x – 9 है |

हल : (ii) p(x) = x4 – 3x2 + 4x + 5, g(x) = x2 + 1 – xSolutions For NCERT Maths Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 27

भागफल q(x) = x2 + x – 3 और शेषफल = 8 है |

हल : (iii) p(x) = x4 – 5x + 6, g(x) = 2 – x2NCERT Solutions Of Maths For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 28

भागफल q(x) = – x2 – 2 और शेषफल = – 5x + 10  है |

Q2. पहले बहुपद से दुसरे बहुपद को भाग करके, जाँच कीजिए कि क्या प्रथम बहुपद द्वितीय का एक गुणनखंड है :

(i) t2 – 3, 2t4 + 3t3 – 2t2 – 9t – 12

(ii) x2 + 3x + 1, 3x4 + 5x3 – 7x2 + 2x + 2

(iii) x3 – 3x + 1, x5 – 4x3 + x2 + 3x + 1

हल : (i) t2 – 3, 2t4 + 3t3 – 2t2 – 9t – 12Maths Solutions For Class 10 NCERT Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 29

चूँकि शेषफल r(x) = 0 है |

अत: t2 – 3, 2t4 + 3t3 – 2t2 – 9t – 12 का एक गुणनखंड है |

हल : (ii) x2 + 3x + 1, 3x4 + 5x3 – 7x2 + 2x + 2Solutions For Maths NCERT Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 30

चूँकि शेषफल r(x) = 0 है |

अत: x2 + 3x + 1, 3x4 + 5x3 – 7x2 + 2x + 2 का एक गुणनखंड है |

हल : (iii) x3 – 3x + 1, x5 – 4x3 + x2 + 3x + 1NCERT Books Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 31

चूँकि शेषफल r(x) = 2 है |

अत: x3 – 3x + 1, x5 – 4x3 + x2 + 3x + 1 का एक गुणनखंड नहीं है |NCERT Maths Book Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 32

हल :

दिया है : p(x) = 3x4 + 6x3 – 2x2 – 10x – 5CBSE NCERT Maths Solutions For Class 10 Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 33

अब 3x2 – 5 से 3x4 + 6x3 – 2x2 – 10x – 5 में भाग देने परCBSE NCERT Solutions For Class 10 Maths Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 34

अत: p(x) = (3x2 – 5) (x2 + 2x + 1)

अब, x2 + 2x + 1 को गुणनखंड कर शुन्यक ज्ञात करने पर –NCERT Maths Textbook For Class 10 Solutions Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 35

Q4. यदि x3 – 3x2 + x + 2 को एक बहुपद g(x) से भाग देने पर, भागफल और शेषफल क्रमश: x – 2 और – 2x + 4 हैं तो g(x) ज्ञात कीजिए ।

हल :

दिया है : भाज्य p(x) = x3 – 3x2 + x + 2

भागफल q(x) = x – 2,

शेषफल r(x) = – 2x + 4

भाजक g(x) = ?

भाज्य = भाजक × भागफल + शेषफल

p(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x)

x3 – 3x2 + x + 2 = g(x) (x – 2) + (- 2x + 4)

x3 – 3x2 + x + 2 + 2x – 4 = g(x) (x – 2)

g(x) (x – 2) = x3 – 3x2 + 3x – 2NCERT Books For Class 10 Maths Solutions Hindi Medium Chapter 2 Polynomial 2.3 36

अत: भाजक g(x) = x2 – x + 1 है |

Q5. बहुपदों p(x), g(x), q(x) और r(x) के ऐसे उदाहरण दीजिए जो विभाजन एल्गोरिथम को संतुष्ट करते हों तथा

(i) घात p(x) = घात q(x) हो

(ii) घात q(x) = घात r(x) हो

(iii) घात r(x) = 0 हो

हल :

युक्लिड विभाजन एल्गोरिथम से

p(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x)  जहाँ q(x) ¹ 0 हो

(i) घात p(x) = घात q(x) हो

भाज्य p(x) और भागफल q(x) की घात सामान तभी हो सकता है जब भाजक g(x)की घात 0 अर्थात कोई संख्या हो |

उदाहरण : माना p(x) = 2x2 – 6x + 3

और माना g(x) = 2

भाग देने पर

p(x) = 2x2 – 6x + 2 + 1

= 2(x2 – 3x + 1) + 1

अब  2(x2 – 3x + 1) + 1 को p(x) = g(x) × q(x) + r(x) से तुलना करने पर हम पाते हैं :

अत: q(x) = x2 – 3x + 1 और r(x) = 1

इससे घात p(x) = घात q(x) प्राप्त होता है |

(ii) घात q(x) = घात r(x) हो

हल : यह स्थिति तब आती है जब p(x) और g(x) का घात सामान हो जैसे –

माना p(x) = 2x2 + 6x + 7 और g(x) = x2 + 3x + 2

भाग देने पर : q(x) = 2 और r(x) = 3

अत: घात q(x) = घात r(x) है |

(iii) घात r(x) = 0 हो

हल : r(x) = 0 तब होता है जब p(x), g(x) से पूर्णत: विभाजित हो :

माना p(x) = x2 – 1 और g(x) = x + 1

विभाजित करने पर

q(x) = x – 1 और r(x) = 0 प्राप्त होता है |

प्रश्नावली 2.4

Q1. सत्यापित कीजिए कि निम्न त्रिघात बहुपदों के साथ दी गई संख्याएँ उसकी शून्यक हैं। प्रत्येक स्थिति में शून्यकों और गुणांकों के बीच के संबंध् को भी सत्यापित कीजिए:

(i) 2x3 + x2 – 5x + 2; α = ½, β = 1 और γ = – 2;

हल :

दिया है : शुन्यक α = ½, β = 1 और γ = – 2 है |

और गुणांक a = 2, b = 1, c = – 5 और d = 2

शुन्यकों और गुणांकों के बीच संबंध की जाँच :

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