helper | etsbuy.com |
Board | RBSE |
Class | Class 8 |
Subject | Science |
Chapter | Chapter 5 |
Chapter Name | Biodiversity |
Number of Questions Solved | 43 |
Category | RBSE Solutions |
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.
Answers:
Question 2.
Fill in the blanks:
Answers:
Question 1.
What are the conserved and protected areas for the plants and animals?
Answer:
Many National and International organization are indulged in conservation of forest and forest life. Our central and state government have made many rules, laws and policies for their conservation, we should follow these rules, laws and policies and make aware others also for doing the same. Wildlife sanctuaries, National park, Zoo, Botanical parks etc., are secured places for plants and animals.
Question 2.
What is the Red Data Book?
Answer:
Red Data Book has the record of all the endangered species. There are separate red data books for plants, animals and other species.
Question 3.
What are the biodiversity hotspots?
Answer:
Those geographical regions which are imporant and rich in biodiversity as well as habitat for special species are destroying due to selfish activities of man are called biodiversity hotspots.
Question 4.
Why the botanical gardens were established?
Answer:
Botanical Gardens are established to conserve naturally extinct and endangered plant species. There are 1600 botanical gardens in the world. These are established for seed bank and conservation of plant species. Professor J. C. Bose Botanical Garden is in West Bengal which is about 269 acre land area.
Question 1.
What are the causes and harmful effects of deforestation? Write a note.
Answer:
The clearing of forests (cutting of trees) and using the cleared land for other processes is called deforestation.
Various purposes for which trees are cut are as follows:
Consequences of deforestation
Question 2.
What efforts have been taken for biodiversity conservation? Write in detail.
Answer:
The Government of India passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972. Hunting has been completely banned, and National Parks, Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserves have been set up by the government as steps towards conserving biodiversity. National parks: These are protective areas reserved exclusively for preserving the flora and fauna, landscape and buildings, i.e., the entire ecosystem, and monuments of historic importance of an area. In these areas grazing and cultivation are not permitted. There are some 92 national parks in our country.
Wildlife Sanctuaries: These provide protection and suitable condition for wild animals to flourish. These are areas where hunting is not allowed at all. Animals which are on the verge of extinction are protected here. Private ownership rights are permitted only to such an extent that the animals are not harmed. There are about 492 Wildlife sanctuaries in our country. Biosphere Reserves: A biosphere reserve is a specified area in which multiple use of land is permitted to preserve the biodiversity. The reserves also preserve traditional life of people. These reserves have been set up recently by ‘man and biosphere’ (MAB) programme of the UNESCO. There are 243 biosphere Reserves in our country which mainly conserve the biodiversity of the specific areas and provide protected areas for ecological and environmental research.
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1 .
Who has issued the list of endangered species?
(a) IUCN
(b) IUPAC
(c) UNICEF
(d) CUIN
Question 2.
Degradation of biodiversity occurs because of-
(a) hunting of animals
(b) deforestation
(c) pollution
(d) all of the above
Question 3.
Conservation means-
(a) we have to stop the use of resources completely.
(b) we have to use the resources wisely and judiciously.
(c) we have to protect the resources by just not using it as per our demands.
(d) all of the above.
Question 4.
Species which are restricted to a particular geographical region are called-
(a) endangered species
(b) vulnerable species
(c) endemic species
(d) extinct species
Question 5.
In our national park, protection is provided to-
(a) flora only
(b) flora and fauna
(c) fauna only
(d) entire ecosystem
Question 6.
Animals are protected from poachers in:
(a) Zoological Parks
(b) Botanical Parks
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
Question 7.
The Wildlife (Protection) Act was passed by the government of India in
(a) 1992
(b) 1982
(c) 1972
(d) 1999
Question 8.
Movement of animals periodically to escape severe climatic conditions is called-
(a) eutrophication
(b) migration
(c) hybridisation
(d) conservation
Question 9.
Jim Corbett National Park is situated in
(a) U.P
(b) Uttarakhand (Tiger resources)
(c) M.P
(d) Bihar
Question 10.
Red Panda is an………….species in India
(a) endangered
(b) endemic
(c) epidemic
(d) extinct
Question 11 .
The Red Data book gives a list of-
(a) extinct species
(b) threatened species
(c) endemic species
(d) exotic species
Question 12
The animals living naturally in a particular habitat are called-
(a) Endangered species
(b) Vulnerable species
(c) Endemic species
(d) Extinct species
Question 13.
Species which are restricted to a particular geographical region are called-
(a) flora
(b) endangered species
(c) fauna
(d) none of these
Question 14 .
The function of tree plantation is celebrated through:
(a) Environment Day
(b) Social Forestry programme
(c) Vana Mahotsava
(d) Vani
Question 15 .
The restricted distribution of the species in a small area is called
(a) biome
(b) niche
(c) endemism
(d) ectosphere
Answers:
1. (a)
2. (d)
3. (b)
4. (c)
5. (d)
6. (d)
7. (c)
8. (b)
9. (b)
10. (a)
11. (b)
12. (c)
13. (c)
14. (c)
15. (a)
Question 1.
Defined biodiversity?
Answer:
The plants and animals species found in a particular area are called the biodiversity of that area.
Question 2.
What are the endangered animals?
Answer:
Organism whose count is decreasing below a certain limit’and are at the margin of extinction are called endangered animals.
Question 3.
Write two natural causes of deforestation.
Answer:
(a) Droughts
(b) Forest fire.
Question 4.
What is global warming?
Answer:
Due to increasing carbon dioxide in atmosphere, the temperature of the Earth is increasing. This is called global warming.
Question 5.
Name the animal and plant species categorised by IUCN.
Answer:
The four types of animal and plant species which are categorised by International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in following classes:
Question 6.
Why is species become endangered?
Answer:
Species become endangered, as their survival has become difficult because of disturbance in their habitat.
Question 7.
What do you mean by region specific animals?
Answer:
The animals that can live only in a particular region are called region specific animals. Snow leopard, dolphins are region specific animals.
Question 8.
If we cut down the trees, then what will happen?
Answer:
If we cut down the trees, then that region will have less rainfall, more floods and humidity would reduce. This would reduce the ground water level of that region.
Question 9.
Define flora.
Answer:
The plants typically belonging to a particular area are called flora.
Question 10
What is fauna?
Answer:
The animals typically belonging to a particular area are called fauna.
Answer:
Question 1.
Write two aims of conservation?
Answer:
Aims of conservation:
Question 2.
Define national parks and sanctuaries in India.
Answer:
National parks: National Park is an area strictly reserved for the betterment of wildlife and where activities like Forestry, grazing, or cultivation are not permitted. No private ownership is allowed. There are 89 national parks in India. Notable among them Gir National Park for Asiatic lions, Kaziranga National Park for rhinoceros, Corbett National Park tigers and Kanha National Park for Tigers.
Sanctuary: It provides protection to fauna only. Operations like harvesting of timber, collection of minor forest products, and private ownership rights are permitted as long as they do not interfere with the well-being of animals.
Question 3.
Name the animal and plant species of following animal group?
(a) endangered
(b) region specific
(c) extinct in natural habitat
(d) extinct
Answer:
S.No. | Animals group | Animal species | Plant species |
(i) | Endangered | Asiatic lion, Dolphin in Ganga river, black deer, one horn rhino, godawan, vulture, Son bird. | Rohida, phnirbandh, fogda, Gugul. |
(ii) | Region specific | Snow leopard, Dolphin in Ganga river | Pempa, Inderlok, sufog, red sandle, khedula. |
(iii) | Extinct in natural habitats | Flying frog, air crow, soft black tortoise. | Kalimantan mango, musk |
(iv) | Extinct | Wild dove, dodo bird, Tasmanian tiger, wooly mammoth. | Cycads, St. Helena jaitun kokiya, kooki. |
Question 4.
What are migratory birds? Write the name of some migratory birds.
Answer:
Migratory birds fly to far away areas every year during a particular time because of the climatic changes in that area. Some migratory birds are Siberian cranes, Arctiction, Bar headed Goose, Surkhab etc.
Question 5.
Write the objectives of biosphere reserve.
Answer:
Biosphere Reserve is a protected area developed to conserve biodiversity. Following are the objectives of biosphere reserve:
(a) To conserve biodiversity and integrity of plants, animals and microorganisms.
(b) To educate, train and create awareness about environment aspects and ecofriendly living.
Question 6.
Explain the cow diversity in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Bio-diversity of cows in Rajasthan
Question 1.
The threatened species of organisms have been placed in how many categories? Explain in detail.
Answer:
The threatened species of organisms have been placed in the following categories-critically endangered, endangered and vulnerable. The IUCN Red list also includes information on plants and animals that are categorized as extinct or extinct in the wild and on plants and animals that are close to meet the threatened thresholds as near threatened species. Plants and animals that have been evaluated to have a low risk of extinction are classified as least concern.
Question 2.
How can we overcome the problems of deforestation?
Answer:
In India, we have the following acts aimed at:
Question 3.
What are steps taking by the government towards conserving biodiversity?
Answer:
The Government of India passed the Wildlife Protection Act in 1972. Hunting has been completely banned, and National Parks, Sanctuaries and Biosphere Reserves have been set up by the government as steps towards conserving biodiversity. National parks These are protected areas reserved exclusively for preserving the flora and fauna, landscape and buildings, i.e., the entire ecosystem, and monuments of historic importance of an area. In these areas grazing and cultivation are not permitted. There are some 92 National Parks in our country. Wildlife sanctuaries These provide protection and suitable conditions for wild animals to flourish. These are areas where hunting is not allowed at all.
Animals which are on the verge of extinction are protected here. Private ownership rights are permitted only to such an extent. The animals are not harmed. There are about 492 wildlife sanctuaries in our country. Biosphere Reserves A Biosphere Reserve is a specified area in which multiple use of land is permitted for preserving the biodiversity. The reserves also preserve traditional life of people. These reserves have been set up recently by “man and biosphere’ (MAB) programme of the UNESCO. There are 243 biosphere reserves in our country which mainly .conserve the biodiversity of the specific areas and provide protected areas for ecological and environmental research.
Question 4.
Differentiate between the following
(a) wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve.
(b) zoo and wildlife sanctuary.
(c) endangered species and extinct species.
(d) flora and fauna.
Answer:
(a) Difference between wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve.
Wildlife sanctuary | Biosphere reserve |
(i) Wildlife sanctuary is a place where wild animals are preserved and protected from poaching and hunting. | (i) Biosphere reserves are the protecting areas meant for only conservation of biodiversity i.e. animals and plants and microorganisms. |
(ii) Wildlife Sanctuary is the part of biosphere resources. | (ii) It also helps to maintain the culture of that area. |
(b) Difference between zoo and wildlife sanctuary.
Zoo | Wildlife sanctuary |
(i) A zoo is a smaller place to display the animals for public view. | (i) Wildlife Sanctuary is an area that are reserve in a forest for the protection and preservation of wild animals. |
(ii) The-animals are kept in cage. | (ii) Animals live freely in their habitat. |
(c) Difference between endangered and extinct species
Endangered species | Extinct species |
(i) Endangered species are those species which are at the verge of extinction and which are protected and conserved. Example: Tiger, Barasingha. | (i) Extinct species are those species which are no more exist on the earth presently. Example: Dinosaurus. |
(d) Difference between flora and fauna
Flora | Fauna |
(i) The plants that are found a particular area are called flora.(ii) Example: sal, teek, jamun, mango etc. are flora of Pachmarhi biosphere reserve. | (i) The animals that are found in a particular area are called fauna.(ii) Example: chinkara, blue bull, |
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