NCERT solutions Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Tissues

NCERT solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6: Tissues  (All in text and Exercise
Questions solved) updated

Exercise-6.1 Page: 69

1. What is a tissue?

Solution:

A tissue is defined as a cluster of cells which are similar in structure and work together to perform a particular function.

2. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?

Solution:

The use of tissues in multicellular organisms is to provide structural and mechanical strength as well as to allow division of labour.

Exercise-6.2 Page: 73

3. Name types of simple tissues.

Solution:

The types of simple tissues are as follows:

➢ Parenchyma

➢ Collenchyma

➢ Sclerenchyma

4. Where is apical meristem found?

Solution:

In plants, apical meristem are typically found at:

• The tip of the shoot
• Root of the plant

5. Which tissue makes up the husk of coconut?

Solution:

The Sclerenchymatous tissue, which is a type of permanent tissue makes up the husk of the coconut. These tissues causes the plant to become stiff and hard. The cells of this tissue are dead and their cell walls are thickened because of the presence of lignin.

6. What are the constituents of phloem?

Solution:

The phloem constitutes of the following four elements, they are:

➢ Sieve tube

➢ Companion cells

➢ Phloem parenchyma

➢ Phloem fibres

Exercise-6.3 Page: 77

7. Name the tissue responsible for movement of our body.

Solution:

Two tissues jointly are responsible for the movement of our body, namely:

➢ Muscular tissue

➢ Nervous tissue

8. What does a neuron look like?

Solution:

A neuron is a nerve cell consisting of the cell body with a nucleus and cytoplasm from which a long and thin hair like structure emerges. Every neuron has one elongated part known as the axon, and several short and small branched structures known as dendrites. A single neuron can even be a meter long.

9. Give three features of cardiac muscles.

Solution:

The cardiac muscles are specialized tissues that are evolved to pump blood throughout the body.

The following are the features of the cardiac muscles:

➢ They are cylindrical in shape.

➢ Striated muscle fibers.

➢ They are uninucleated and branched.

➢ These muscles are involuntary in nature.

10. What are the functions of areolar tissue?

Solution:

Areolar tissues are typically observed in animals. They are connective tissues and are found in between skin and muscles. They are also located around blood vessels and nerves and are present in the bone marrow. The space inside the organs is filled with these tissues. They support the delicate internal organs and assist in tissue repair in case of damage.

Exercise Page: 78

1. Define the term ’tissue’?

Solution:

A tissue is defined as a cluster of cells which are similar in structure and work together to perform a particular function.

2. How many types of elements together make up the xylem tissue? Name them.

Solution:

The xylem tissue is made up of four main elements, namely:

➢ Vessels

➢ Tracheids

➢ Xylem fibres

➢ Xylem parenchyma

3. How are simple tissues different from complex tissues in plants?

Solution:

The following are the differences:

Simple tissues	Complex tissues
They are made up of a single type of cell that performs only one common function	They are made up of more than one kind of a cell that coordinate to perform one particular function

4. Differentiate between parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma on the basis of their cell wall.

Solution:

The following are the differences based on cell wall between different tissues:

Parenchyma	Collenchyma	Sclerenchyma
Cell walls are thin and made up of cellulose	Cell walls are thick at the edges due to the deposition of pectin	Cell walls are thick due to the deposition of lignin

5. What are the functions of the stomata?

Solution:

Stomata are the tiny pores present on the outer layer of the cells, the epidermis. Stomata bring about the exchange of gases and transpiration.

6. Diagrammatically show the difference between the three types of muscle fibres.

Solution:

There are three types of muscle fibres, they are:

1. Cardiac muscles

• Present in the heart.
• Involuntary in nature.
• They have 1 nucleus.
• The muscle fibers are branched.

2. Smooth muscles

• Found in lungs and alimentary canal.
• Involuntary in nature.
• They have 1 nucleus.
• They are spindle shaped.

3. Striated muscles

• They are connected with bones
• Voluntary in nature.
• They are long and cylindrical muscle fibers.
• They possess many nuclei.
• Striated muscles are unbranched.

7. What is the specific function of the cardiac muscle?

Solution:

The cardiac muscles are branched and cylindrical. They are uninucleated and are involuntary in nature. Throughout one’s lifetime, the cardiac muscles bring about the rhythmic contraction and relaxation.

8. Differentiate between striated, un-striated and cardiac muscles on the basis of their structure and site/location in the body.

Solution:

The following are the differences between different types of muscles based on their structure and location in the body.

Character	Striated muscles	Un-striated muscles	Cardiac muscles
Shape/Structure	Long, cylindrical, non – tapering.They are un-branched.	Long and tapering.They are un – branched.	Cylindrical and non – tapering.They are branched.
Location in body	Hands, legs and skeletal muscles	Wall of stomach, intestine, ureter and bronchi	Heart
Dark and light bands	Present	Absent	Present but less prominent

9. Draw a labelled diagram of a neuron.

Solution:

Diagram of a neuron along with the labelling is as follows:

10. Name the following.

(a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth.

(b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans.

(c) Tissue that transports food in plants.

(d) Tissue that stores fat in our body.

(e) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix.

(f) Tissue present in the brain.

Solution:

(a) Tissue that forms the inner lining of our mouth – The epithelial tissue, Squamous epithelium.

(b) Tissue that connects muscle to bone in humans – Tendon

(c) Tissue that transports food in plants – Phloem

(d) Tissue that stores fat in our body – Adipose tissue

(e) Connective tissue with a fluid matrix – Blood, it is a fluid connective tissue

(f) Tissue present in the brain – Nervous tissue

11. Identify the type of tissue in the following:

Skin, bark of tree, bone, lining of kidney tubule, vascular bundle.

Solution:

➢ Skin: Striated squamous epithelial tissue

➢ Bark of tree: Protective tissue and cork

➢ Bone: Connective tissue

➢ Lining of kidney tubule: Cuboidal epithelial tissue

➢ Vascular bundle: Conducting tissue(xylem and phloem). Complex permanent tissue

12. Name the regions in which parenchyma tissue is present.

Solution:

The parenchyma is found in:

• The pith of stems and roots
• When parenchyma contains chlorophyll it is called as chlorenchyma, it is found in green leaves
• Parenchyma found in aquatic plants has large air cavities which enables them to float and are hence called aerenchyma.

13. What is the role of epidermis in plants?

Solution:

The epidermis in plants forms an uninterrupted and continuous layer that has no intercellular spaces. It provides protection.

14. How does the cork act as a protective tissue?

Solution:

Cork cells are dead. The arrangement of cells is so dense, that there is no intercellular space. Deposition of suberin is observed on the walls of the cells that make them impervious to water and gases.

15. Complete the following chart.

Solution:

The completed chart is as follows:

Solutions for ncert Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Name the tissues responsible for the movement of the body.
Answer: Muscle tissue and nervous tissue

Question 2. How does neuron look like?
Answer: A neuron is the unit cell of nervous tissue. It is a thread-like structure with cell body and axon.

Question 3. Name the types of simple tissues.
Answer: (a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma (c) Sclerenchyma

Question 4. Name the types of complex tissues.
Answer: Xylem and phloem.

Question 5. Where is apical meristem found? .
Answer: It is present at the growing tips of stem and root, it increases the length of the stem and roots.

Question 6. Which tissue make up the husk of coconut?
Answer: Sclerenchyma.

Question 7. What are the constituents of phloem?
Answer: Phloem constitutes the sieve tubes, companion cell, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.

Question 8. Define aerenchyma.
Answer: When the cells have air-filled large cavities of parenchyma, it is called aerenchyma. Aerenchyma helps aquatic plants in floating.

Question 9. What is the utility of tissues in multicellular organisms?
Answer: It helps in growth, organisation of different organs and performing functions.

Question 10. Name the two types of tissues.
Answer: Plant tissues and animal tissues.

Question 11. Name the two types of plant tissue.
Answer: Meristematic tissue and permanent tissue.

Question 12. What is differentiation?
Answer: The process of taking up a permanent shape, size and function by cells is called differentiation.

Question 13. Name the three types of meristematic tissues.
Answer: The three types are:
(a) Apical tissue—tips of root and shoot
(b) Lateral tissue—sides of stem
(c) Intercalary tissue—at nodes

Question 14. Where is apical tissue found?
Answer: Present at the tips of roots and stems.

Question 15. Tissues present at the lateral surface of the stem are called apical tissues. Put (T) if true and put (F) if false.
Rewrite the answer if (F).
Answer: (F). Tissues present at the lateral surface of the stem are called lateral tissue.

Question 16. Which tissues are present at the nodes of the plants?
Answer: Intercalary tissue.

Question 17. What are the various types of blood cells?
Answer: There are three types:
(a) RBC’s
(b) WBC’s and
(c) Platelets.

Question 18. What are tracheids?
Answer: They are elongated cells with tapering ends.

Question 19. What are guard cells?
Answer: Each stomata is bounded by a pair of specialised kidney-shaped epidermal cells called guard cells.

Question 20. Epithelial tissue is the simplest tissue. Write (F) for false or (T) for true.
Answer: (T).

Question 21. What are the functions of cuboidal epithelium?
Answer: It helps in absorption, excretion, secretion, it also provides mechanical support.

Solutions for NCERT Class 9 Science Chapter 6 Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Give four differences between bone and cartilage.
Answer:

Question 2. Give the functions of bone.
Answer: The functions of bone are:
(i) It provides shape to the body.
(ii) It provides skeletal support to the body.
(iii) It anchors the muscles.
(iv) It protects the vital body organs like brain, lungs, etc.

Question 3. Give the functions of cartilage. .
Answer: (i) It provides support and flexibility to the body parts.
(ii) It smoothens surface at joints.

Question 4. Fill in the blanks:
(i) Water and minerals are conducted by ………………….
(ii) In higher plants food is conducted by ……………………..
(iii) Blood is a ……………. tissue.
(iv) Bone consists of………….cells.
(v) Cartilage consists of………………..cells.
(vi) Fibres are absent in………….type of connective tissue.
Answer: (i) Xylem (ii) Phloem
(iii) Connective (iv) Osteocyte
(v) Chondrocyte (vi) Blood

Question 5. What are the functions of areolar tissue?
Answer: Functions are:
(i) It helps in repair of tissues after an injury.
(ii) It also helps in combating foreign toxins.
(iii) It fixes skin to underlying muscles.

Question 6. Give difference between xylem and phloem.
Answer:

Question 7. What are fibres?
Answer: Fibres consist of very long, narrow and thick cells. Example, jute fibre.

Question 8. Name the tissues for the following:
(a) Stores fat in animal body.
(b) Divides and re-divides to grow in plants.
(c) Tissue that joins hone to hone.
(d) Covers the external surface of animal body.
Answer: (a) Adipose tissue
(b) Meristematic tissue .
(c) Ligament
(d) Epithelial tissue.

Question 9. What is stomata?
Answer: Stomata are small pores present on the surface of a leaf which helps in the exchange of gases and in transpiration.

Question 10. Why does epidermal tissue have no intercellular space?
Answer: The epidermal (layer) tissue forms a protective outer covering for the plants and it protects the internal parts of the plant. It aid in the protection against loss of water, mechanical injury and invasion by parasitic fungi.
For this protective role to play the continuation of cells is necessary, hence it does not have intercellular space.

Question 11. Name and give the function of each cell of xylem:.
Answer: Xylem consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.
Tracheids and vessels—Allows the transport of water and minerals.
Xylem parenchyma—Stores food and helps in the sideways conduction of water.
Xylem fibres—Are supportive in function.

Question 12. What is the function and location of stratified squamous epithelium?
Answer: Stratified squamous epithelium is present in the skin. The layers of cells are arranged to prevent wear and tear.

Question 13. Give difference between ligament and tendon.
Answer:

Question 14. Give difference between striated muscles and unstriated muscles.
Answer:

Question 15. State the difference between bone and blood.
Answer:

Question 16. Name all different types of tissues present in animal.
Answer: There are four main types of tissues present in animal. ‘
(a) Epithelial tissue present on the outer and inner lining of the body.
(b) Muscular tissue are made up of muscles, help in movement.
(c) Connective tissue connects the different organs in the body.
(d) Nervous tissue consists of nerve cells and are present in the nervous system.

Question 17. Why is blood called connective tissue?
Answer: The blood is composed of cells and plasma. Plasma is a fluid and cells like red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets are present in it. All these cells are connected due to plasma. It also transports food, water to different parts of the body and connects them.

Question 18. Name three types of muscle tissues and give function of each.
Answer: Three types of muscle tissues are:
(a) Striated muscle (b) Smooth muscle (c) Cardiac muscle
(a) Striated muscle: These muscles show alternate light and dark bands or striations. They are involuntary and present in skeletal tissues,, help in movement of body and bones.
(b) Smooth muscle: These are involuntary muscles, control the movement of food in alimentary canal, contraction and relaxation of blood vessels. Present in iris, uterus etc.
(c) Cardiac muscle: These muscles are present in heart, help in the rhythmic contraction and relaxation throughout the life.